3 Types of Capitalization Errors in Styling Quotations

3 Types of Capitalization Errors in Styling Quotations 3 Types of Capitalization Errors in Styling Quotations 3 Types of Capitalization Errors in Styling Quotations By Mark Nichol Confusion sometimes ensues when writers are deciding whether a quotation merits capitalization. Here are three ways capitalization errors can result. 1. As someone once told me, â€Å"successful companies have multiple founding moments.† Occasionally, a writer will not capitalize the first word of a complete quoted statement preceded by an attribution, perhaps because of the assumption that the quotation, as part of a larger sentence, is not grammatically complete. However, despite the preceding attribution, the quotation is a complete sentence: â€Å"As someone once told me, ‘Successful companies have multiple founding moments.’† 2. The company released a support document addressing this issue and suggested that, â€Å"Moving the camera slightly to change the position at which the bright light is entering the lens should minimize or eliminate the effect.† The original quotation, as a stand-alone statement, is a complete sentence and should therefore be capitalized. But when it is incorporated grammatically into a larger sentence, it loses its self-sufficiency, and moving is not capitalized (and the comma preceding it is an error): â€Å"The company released a support document addressing this issue and suggested that ‘moving the camera slightly to change the position at which the bright light is entering the lens should minimize or eliminate the effect.’† 3. When you say there’s a special place in hell if you don’t support women, Smith says, â€Å"Is it only powerful women?† In this case, the question â€Å"Is it only powerful women?† is being combined with a paraphrase to form a new, more extensive question, though the two clauses are separated by an attribution. But because â€Å"is it only powerful women?† has been demoted from a sentence to a clause, the first word of that word string is not capitalized: â€Å"When you say there’s a special place in hell if you don’t support women, Smith says, ‘is it only powerful women?’† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:35 Synonyms for â€Å"Look†45 Synonyms for â€Å"Old† and â€Å"Old-Fashioned†Advance vs. Advanced

Emma Watsons Speech on Masculinity

Emma Watson's Speech on Masculinity Emma Watson, British actor and Goodwill Ambassador for UN Women, said many smart, important, sociologically informed things during her speech on gender equality  at the UN on September 20, 2014. Surprisingly,  the most important words of Ms. Watson  did not have to do with women and girls, but rather with men and boys. She said: We don’t often talk about men being imprisoned by gender stereotypes, but I can see that they are, and that when they are free, things will change for women as a natural consequence. If men don’t have to be aggressive in order to be accepted, women won’t feel compelled to be submissive.  If men don’t have to control, women won’t have to be controlled. Ms. Watson tips her hat to a multitude of deeply important  social science research in these three short sentences. This research grows  in breadth by the day, and is seen as increasingly important by the sociological community, and by feminist activists,  in  the fight for gender equality. She doesnt use the word herself, but what Ms. Watson refers to here is masculinitythe collection of behaviors, practices, embodiments, ideas, and values that come to be associated with male bodies. Recently, but historically too, social scientists and writers from a range of disciplines are paying critical attention to the way commonly held beliefs about masculinity, and how best to do it or achieve it, result in serious, widespread, violent social problems. The  list of how masculinity and social problems  are connected is a long, diverse, and horrifying one. It includes that which specifically targets women and girls, like sexualized and gendered violence. Many sociologists, like Patricia Hill Collins, C.J. Pascoe, and Lisa Wade, have studied and proven the connection between the masculine ideals of power and control, and widespread physical and sexual violence against women and girls. Sociologists who study these troubling phenomena point out that these are not crimes of passion, but of power. They are meant to elicit submission and subservience from those targeted, even in what some would consider to be their less serious forms, like street harassment and verbal abuse. (For the record, these too  are very serious problems.) In her book, Dude, Youre a Fag: Masculinity and Sexuality in High School,  an instant classic among sociologists, C.J. Pascoe showed through over a years worth of research how boys are socialized to adopt and perform a dominant, aggressive, controlling, and sexualized version of masculinity. This kind of masculinity, the idealized norm in our society, requires that boys and men control girls and women. Their status in society, and inclusion in the category men depends upon it. Of course there are other social forces at play as well, but the powerful socializing force of this dominant notion of masculinity is a key contributor to the widespread rates of sexual assault and  violence against women and girls- and against gay, lesbian, queer, and trans people too- that plague our society. That violence, though, is not only targeted at women, girls, and folks who do not fit within the rigid frameworks of heterosexuality and gender norms. It plagues the lives of normal  men and boys too, as they fight and kill  in defense of their masculine honor. Studies have found that the everyday violence within inner-city communities results in rates of PTSD among youth that exceed those among  combat veterans. Recently, Victor Rios, Associate Professor of Sociology at University of California-Santa Barbara, who has researched and written extensively about the connection between idealized masculinity and violence, founded a Facebook page dedicated to raising awareness about this issue. (Check out Boys and Guns: Masculinity in a Culture of Mass Shootings, to learn more about sociological research on this issue.) Looking beyond  our immediate communities, sociologists  make the case that this insidious link between masculinity and violence fuels many of the wars that rage across our world, as bombs, bullets, and chemical warfare batter populations into political submission. So too, many sociologists see ideologies of idealized masculinity present in the economic, environmental, and social violence wrought by global capitalism. Of these issues, celebrated sociologist Patricia Hill Collins would argue that these forms of domination are achieved by a form of power based not just on masculinity and the power structure of patriarchy, but how these intersect and overlap with racism, classism, xenophobia, and homophobia. The ideal of masculinity hurts women economically too, by casting us  as the weaker, less valuable counterparts to men, which serves to justify the gender pay gap. It bars us  from access to higher education and jobs, by framing us  as less worthy of the time and consideration of those in positions of power. It denies us  rights to autonomy in our own healthcare decisions, and prohibits us from having parity in political representation. It casts us as sex objects who exist to give pleasure to men, at the expense of our own pleasure and fulfillment. By sexualizing our bodies, it casts  them as tempting, dangerous, in need of control, and as having asked for it when we are harassed and assaulted. While the litany of social problems that harm women and girls is both infuriating and depressing, what is encouraging is that they are discussed with more frequency and openness by the day. Seeing a problem, naming it, and raising awareness about it are crucial first steps on the road to change. This is why Ms. Watsons words about men and boys are so important. A global public figure with an enormous social media platform and vast media coverage, in her speech she illuminated the historically quiet  ways in which idealized masculinity has harmed boys and men. Importantly,  Ms. Watson tuned into the emotional and psychological consequences of this issue: I’ve seen young men suffering from mental illness, unable to ask for help for fear it would make them less of a man. In fact, in the UK, suicide is the biggest killer of men between 20 to 49, eclipsing road accidents, cancer and coronary heart disease. I’ve seen men made fragile and insecure by a distorted sense of what constitutes male success. Men don’t have the benefits of equality, either......Both men and women should feel free to be sensitive. Both men and women should feel free to be strong......I want men to take up this mantle so that their daughters, sisters, and mothers can be free from prejudice, but also so that their sons have permission to be vulnerable and human too, reclaim those parts of themselves they abandoned, and in doing so, be a more true and complete version of themselves. Brava, Ms. Watson. You simply, eloquently, and compelling illustrated why gender inequality is a problem for men and boys too, and why the fight for equality is also theirs. You named the problem, and powerfully argued why it must be addressed.  We thank you for it. Click here to learn more about the UNs HeForShe campaign for gender equality, and pledge your support to the cause.

ANALYTICAL PAPER Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ANALYTICAL PAPER - Assignment Example Scholars have pointed to the fact that human beings are directly or indirectly responsible for the struggles and volatility inherent in the international system. Human nature as a direct consequence of conflicts in the society has been an issue under scrutiny for decades. This text puts into perspective the state of the international system and components responsible for conflicts. Hans Morgenthau (3) provides critical views concerning the struggle for power and peace in the international system. Morgenthau presents two theories that tend to explain the tendency for conflicts in the world. Morgenthau underscores the fact the nature of international politics is directly correlated to human nature. Two theories present perspectives on the issues of human nature and nature politics. A school of thought notes that human nature is great though it blames the society for non-functionality. Secondly, the society is noted as being imperfect effectively affecting human nature. The variables exposing the facts are limited to individual behavior, although Morgenthau ties the nature of politics to human nature and society (Morgenthaun 24). For instance, human beings have different behaviors depending on the mode of socialization. Human beings are not homogenous in their thoughts and deeds to the extent that they cannot be said to be bound by good moral tendencies. The socialization process of a human being and the inherent idiosyncratic variables determines how a person relates to other people. For instance, drafting a foreign policy document may be done by individuals are driven by their interest which can even be selfish. The agenda of formulating policies must be checked against the guiding principles of moral behavior. In addition, the realist argument that society influences the behavior of people holds a significant amount of truth (Morgenthaun 98). Societies have norms, rules and regulations that determine peoples relationship. If a society is not

We Can But Should We Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

We Can But Should We - Research Paper Example ) The company has already announced that about 280 people from New Jersey have consented to having chips implanted under their skin that contain health records for the trial use of the technology. (p. 65) The most important use of the human implantable chip, hence, is quick and reliable access to communication, including its communication and processing, without the need for another device. For instance, people could use a laptop, a flash disk or a cellular phone to store and transmit data, which could be lost, including the information they have, in the process. This will not be the case with the chip because it has to be implanted in the human body. According to Edwards (2005), chip implants are beneficial because it, in effect, would simplify life by making it possible to do away with driver’s licenses, passports, and other identification necessary in order to avail services such healthcare. (p. 164) The chip mentioned earlier, as manufactured by Applied Digital Solutions, contains a 16-digit number that communicates with a scanner. The process links the chip, including the identification and information stored therein, to the medical facility’s electronic database. This is seen as most beneficial to those patients entered into the emergency rooms after an accident or severe trauma. If the patient is unconscious or unable identify himself as well as his medical history, the chip could prove extremely useful. The information on the chip would allow the hospital to determine â€Å"family contact information, recent lab results, pharmacy prescription information and medical information.† (Hunt, Puglia and Puglia, p. 65) So far, the body of literature on the subject is silent in regards to the health risk of the healthcare chip. It is supposedly as small as a grain of rice and seems to pose no real danger to its bearer. What this means is that the most significant drawback to chip implantation is the ethical question. The groups raising opposition to the chip

Edward and Adam role play Essay Example for Free

Edward and Adam role play Essay The piece did not have a title. As it was an assignment we didnt name our play. It is called Edward and Adam role play, because in this scenes we show when Edward has just been captured and he meets Adam for the first time. Edward is really confused, and when Adam try to calm him down, he thinks that Adam is an Arab whos there to beat him up again.  AIM OF THE PIECE: I think that the main aim of the piece is to show how two men kept in captivity would react when they meet for the first time. Adam is an American doctor, while Edward is an Irish journalist. Edward, is steady and thoughtful. A hard-living, hard-driven man, he is tormented by the regret that he has pushed away his wife and not taken the time to know his children, and now never may. He is a complex, charismatic, charming and irritating man, whose best weapons against despair and self-pity are quick jokes, biting humor and a healthy awareness of his failings. When Edward is being taking into the cell he tries to fight back, by spitting at the Arabs. The reaction of the Arabs is shown with violence, and Edward get beaten up. When Adam sees what is happening he tries to help the new arrived, but he gets beaten up as well. When Edward wakes up, he ears the voice of a stranger, that stranger is Adam, who is trying to reassure him that everything is fine. Edward first response is trying to get away from the chains, and trying to find a way out of the jail. When he finally realises that hes locked up with a stranger, he starts screaming that hes Irish, and that hes country is neutral. In all this time Adam is trying to interrupt him, but Edward completely ignores him, until then he starts asking questions. What he hears, hes not what he expected. In fact he has been told that he would stay in the cell for an indeterminate time. In the scene there isnt much movement as they are both suppose to be chained up. The only movement we get in the scene is when Adam starts exercising, and tell Edward that he should do something as well, to keep his mind full. Edward is still really confuse and want to know more about his new friend. He keeps on asking questions, and they start to know each other better. The scene finish up when Adam tells Edward that hes not alone as he has got him to watch over him. We of course choose this ending by the title of the play. PRESENTATION: The piece has been presented well, and my partner and I have done a good job as the piece was understood by everyone in the audience. As we werent able to use the stage once more, we used another space in the room. We planned the scene carefully, and we decided to have Adam sitting down lining against the wall, reading the Koran. When Edward is coming in we have both of the characters trying to fight back the Arabs but as both get beaten up they faint. When Edward wakes up, hes very scared as he founds out that he is chained. For a moment he thinks hes dreaming, but when he realizes that that is reality, we can feel the stress and the fear coming out of his voice. Adam is tries his best to welcome him in the cell. But how can you make someone welcome when you are kept in chain? Edward is really stressed and keeps on asking more questions as he wants to know more about what its happening. After a while Adam start getting exercising, but this only makes Edward more confuse and makes him ask more questions. When the two men get to know each other more, Edward start to relax, and they start to talk normally and calmly, about everyday things, such as family, sports, jobs and so on.  For most of the scene the two men are sitting down lining on the wall, talking.  In this scene we had a big contrast between two different men, such as Adam and Edward.. Adam, is very calm, kind, and tries to reassure Edward. While Edward is very aggressive, as hes just been captured, and in first place he thinks that Adam is an Arab, and he doesnt trust him. STRENGTH AND WEAKNESSES: The piece strength as weaknesses as well. Once again I think that my partner and I have done a good job, because we have done a original piece, which I think has impressed the audience, as we have explored the inner side two men who meets for the first time in a situation of hostages. We wrote a script of the piece so that we would have been able to remember the piece. I think that the main strength of this piece is that I had the opportunity to work with the same partner, and we put very good ideas together. Some of the weaknesses of this piece were that we couldnt act the piece on the stage, I think that it would have been more effective as we would have had more space, and we could have used the lights as well.  PROBLEMS I HAVE EXPERIENCED: The major problem in acting this piece was that I was suppose to calm down a man who has just been captured and thrown into a cell. I had to be very patient into the play as Edward kept on interrupting, and kept on asking questions.  Looking back at the play I think that I have done a good job into acting Adam, and I also enjoyed it.

The Past, Present and Future of Social Security Essay -- Social Securi

Social Security A Historical View Social security, the federal retirement system, is one of the most popular government programs in United State?s history. Today, Social Security benefits are the backbone of the nation's retirement income system. The long road to the successful development of social security began in 1935. Before 1935, very few workers received job pensions. Those workers that were covered never received benefits because they were not guaranteed. Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the original Social Security Act. It comprised of two services: a Social Security retirement benefit that applied only to workers, and a welfare program for the elderly called Old Age Assistance. Social Security benefits were not paid until 1942 to allow for a period of partial forward funding. The retirement benefit service was funded by a two percent tax on the first $3000 of payroll earnings, 1 percent form employers and 1 percent from workers. In 1939, Social Security was amended to include coverage to dependents of workers who died. The payroll tax income was also set aside in a separate trust fund. Social Security gained national commitment in 1950 when the Old Age Assistance program was phased out. Benefits were increased by 77 percent and the payroll tax rate was increased to 6.5 percent on a phased ? in basis. This increment was partly a response to an expansion in private pensions that were being won by unions in collective bargaining agreements. The pensions, usually, served as a supplement to social security benefits. Employers supported Social Security increases because they were considered more economical than private pensions. In order to increase Social Securit... ...bout higher deductibles, reduced benefits, or the probability of a government-run program that many not meet its commitment. The increase in the nation?s savings rate would not only benefit retirees, but would strengthen the economy. Savings would be invested privately, which would create new businesses and jobs. Bibliography Cambetas, Daniela. The Economic Reality of Social Security. Social Security. 25 Aug. 2007. Conover, Pat. ?A Concise History of Social Security.? 20 July 2001. 25 July 2007. http://www.ucc.org/justice/ss/history.htm. Social Security Online. 25 July 2007. . Social Security: The Perspectives in Detail. Public Agenda Online. 8 Aug. 2007. http://www.publicagenda.org/issues/debate_detail2.cfm?issue_type=ss. The Past, Present and Future of Social Security Essay -- Social Securi Social Security A Historical View Social security, the federal retirement system, is one of the most popular government programs in United State?s history. Today, Social Security benefits are the backbone of the nation's retirement income system. The long road to the successful development of social security began in 1935. Before 1935, very few workers received job pensions. Those workers that were covered never received benefits because they were not guaranteed. Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the original Social Security Act. It comprised of two services: a Social Security retirement benefit that applied only to workers, and a welfare program for the elderly called Old Age Assistance. Social Security benefits were not paid until 1942 to allow for a period of partial forward funding. The retirement benefit service was funded by a two percent tax on the first $3000 of payroll earnings, 1 percent form employers and 1 percent from workers. In 1939, Social Security was amended to include coverage to dependents of workers who died. The payroll tax income was also set aside in a separate trust fund. Social Security gained national commitment in 1950 when the Old Age Assistance program was phased out. Benefits were increased by 77 percent and the payroll tax rate was increased to 6.5 percent on a phased ? in basis. This increment was partly a response to an expansion in private pensions that were being won by unions in collective bargaining agreements. The pensions, usually, served as a supplement to social security benefits. Employers supported Social Security increases because they were considered more economical than private pensions. In order to increase Social Securit... ...bout higher deductibles, reduced benefits, or the probability of a government-run program that many not meet its commitment. The increase in the nation?s savings rate would not only benefit retirees, but would strengthen the economy. Savings would be invested privately, which would create new businesses and jobs. Bibliography Cambetas, Daniela. The Economic Reality of Social Security. Social Security. 25 Aug. 2007. Conover, Pat. ?A Concise History of Social Security.? 20 July 2001. 25 July 2007. http://www.ucc.org/justice/ss/history.htm. Social Security Online. 25 July 2007. . Social Security: The Perspectives in Detail. Public Agenda Online. 8 Aug. 2007. http://www.publicagenda.org/issues/debate_detail2.cfm?issue_type=ss.

Internal and External Equity Comparisons Essay

Organizations that has the drive to flourish in a market that is very competitive must have a compensation plan that is well designed and inspires its employees, has benefit programs, guarantees equity, and handles compensation costs. These plans should mirror the culture of its employees. Organizations have numerous of options when designing a compensation plan comes into play, and must consider how the options they have chosen will be suitable for their strategy for engaging and keeping their employees. This paper will identify a total compensation plan for an organization, identify the internal and external equity advantages and disadvantages, and provide and explanation on how each plan supports the total compensation objective and the relationship to its financial situation. Total Compensation Plan Focused in Internal and External Equity Some organizations decisions are based off of the market. They begin by looking at salary surveys to observe what the other competitors are pay ing their employees (known as external equity). Soon as they have access to the market data that is needed, the organization have their option to either establish their salaries and wages equal, below or above the market depending on the financial situation of that organization. For instance, an organization may decide to raise the pay for certain employees pertaining to certain positions in order interest and then keep very valuable employees. Let’s say General Motors (GM) has just opened up a new plant in a city where Ford is well known. They are short on senior creative program designer positions who’s salary ranges from 99,000-125,000 a year. What GM would do is access the salary surveys that are on the market to see how much Ford is actually paying them. From there GM would make the decision to either set the wage for that positon the same, lower, or higher than what Ford is offering. If that position is needed and they want the best employee then the wages would be set higher, maybe starting off at 105,000 a ye ar with the opportunity to advance to making 130,000 max. This would not only gain the attention of the best program designer but also may retrieve the best from Ford. Conversely GM should also deliberate on internal equity, which is whether their compensation plan imitates how much they value certain positions in relation to other positions throughout the organization. In order to guarantee both internal and external equity, GM would have to institute an operative compensation  management program that conducts job analysis (to systematically evaluate and describe each job within the organization), job evaluations (regulating what jobs have a better value to GM), and job pricing (form rate ranges, the minimum, midpoint, and maximum dollar values for each job). Bottom line is that some organizations compensation plans are meant to meet compliance requirements. While GM would be to attract skilled employees, motivate them, and retain them so that the goals of the organization could be achieved. Advantages and Disadvantages of Internal and External Equity Internal equity deals with the perceived worth of a job relative to other jobs in the organization (â€Å"Cite Hr†, 2014). Generally, they consider skill, effort, responsibility and working conditions in this comparison in order to determine the value of their jobs relative to other jobs (â€Å"Cite Hr†, 2014). This structure is made to show employees that they are being treated fairly based on their place or job within the organization. External equity deals with the issues of market rates for jobs (â€Å"Cite Hr†, 2014). This is where an organization looks within the market to see what’s the going pay rate for certain jobs, then they would determine how they are going to pay within their organization so they could seek and retain qualified employees. This system will require a base pay program the pays competitively. There are a few advantages and disadvantages of internal and external equity. The advantages of external equity is that it allows organizations to keep up with the competition within the marketplace (on salary and wages), it allows organizations to raise an employee pay (if they ask for one basically negotiating), the last benefit is that it forces organizations to always be on top of the market. The advantages of internal equity are that it gives the employees the perception of fairness, it decreases the opportunity for discrimination to arise, and it provides consistent standards because when one is paying an employee fairly an organization limits their ability to claim unfair treatment therefor have a lack of motivation and bad performance. The disadvantages of external is that it could lead to overestimated wages, and employee dissatisfaction. This disadvantages of internal equity is that an organization could risk the loss of employees to higher paying competition, and could lose the employees motivation once they realize they are being paid in the internal equity system. Explanation on how each Plan Supports the Organization’s Compensation Objective GM’s much  improved financial structure and our $23.2 billion in EBIT-adjusted since the beginning of 2010 are allowing us to reinvest in the business at a consistently high level, despite the fact that most European economies are in distress and U.S. sales remained below pre-recession levels in 2012.US automaker General Motors gave one of its highest profit-sharing payouts ever (â€Å"Gm†, 2014). Forty-five thousand employees received $189 million in a profit-sharing bonus, which equaled about $4,200 per person (â€Å"Gm†, 2014).. The external plan works great for this because it allows for employees to make even more money when the production of the company rises. The internal plan also works great because it shows that everyone is being paid fairly but at the same time have that option of buying into stock to make more money. In conclusion having a compensation plan can be beneficial for both an employee and organization. Once an organization choose which direction they are wanting to take whether it’s an internal or external approach is on them. An internal approach is more of a peaceful one for the employees, it shows that they are being paid fairly. While the external approach reaches of for the best employees by having the opportunity to pay them more. Either way an organization will have to pick the type of plan that fits them within the market. References Cite HR. (2014). Retrieved from http://www.citehr.com/601-compensation-plans-overview-base-pay.html GM. (2014). Retrieved from http://www.gm.com/content/dam/gmcom/COMPANY/Investors/Stockholder_Information/PDFs/2012_GM_Annual_Report.pdf